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Daily Test | 26/july/2021

 Logical Reasoning

1.

Choose the right answer Pick the odd man out.
QSV
CFK
PSX
RUZ



2.

Based on the given passage find out which of the statement can be inferred from the passage.
European cars have traditionally been smaller and more fuel-efficient than their giant American cousins,
but current policy explicitly stresses eco-friendliness. For example recent British legislation has linked
taxation to Co2 emissions with the lowest tax rate of 15 per cent on the list price reserved for cars
emitting less than 165 gms/km and rising by one per cent for each 5 gm increase in CO2 levels


The British are unconcerned about the environment and rules have to be imposed upon them for
maintenance of a dean environment

The lesser the list price of a car, the greater is its fuel efficiency and so lesser the tax on it
The more fuel efficient a vehicle is, the more ecofriendly it will be
Fuel efficiency does not necessarily correlate with eco-friendliness
 

 

3.

Select the right option from the given alternatives. 985 : 874 :: 763 : ?
641
542
722
652

 

4.

Select the right option from the given alternatives.
Pointing to a girl child in a photograph, a woman said, "Her mother's sister is the wife of my son". How is
the women related to the child?
Mother
Daughter
Sister
None of these
 

 

5.

The question consists of a problem question followed by two statements I and II. Find out if the
information given in the statement(s) is sufficient in finding the solution to the problem. Problem
question: Out of five parties , which party won the election? Statements: I) Party 'X' got the least
number of votes. II) Party 'Y' got hundred more votes than party 'Z'.
Statement I alone is sufficient
Statement II alone is sufficient
Both the statements put together are sufficient
Both the statements even put together are not sufficient
Either of the statements is sufficient
 

 

6.

Pradeep receives an expert order for garments. He has 30 machines to complete the order in 60 days.
How many machines would be required to complete the job in 40 days?
50
25
35
45
 

 

7.

Choose the answer option that arranges the given set of words in the 'most' meaningful order. The
words when put in order should make logical sense according to size, quality, occurrence of events,
value, appearance, nature, process etc.
1. Key
2. Door
3. Lock
4. Room
5. Light-on


5,1,2,4,3
4,2,1,5,3
1,2,3,5,4 

1,3,2,4,5



8.

A boy is facing North - West. He turned 85o in the anticlockwise direction and the 50o in the same
direction. Which direction is he facing now?
South-West
South- East
South
North

 

 

9.

Building : Bricks :: Flower :
Seed
Fruit
Honey
Petals

 

 

10.

Pick the odd man out.
STV
XYA
KKT
BDE
 

 

 

11.

Select the right option from the given alternatives. One day, Sravya left home and cycled 5 km south
wards , turned left cycled 2 km and turned left again and cycled 3km.Then, she turned right and cycled
5 km .In which direction is Sravya from from her home ?
South - east
North - east
South
North
 

 

12.

Sowmya is standing at point A facing East. She walks 30 meters towards her right and takes a left turn to
walk 40 meters, and then she takes another left turn and walks 50 meters. In which direction is she
standing from point A?
North-East
North
North-West
West

 

 

13.

Based on the given passage find out which of the statement can be inferred from the passage
From Chennai to Himachal Pradesh, the new culture vultures are tearing down acres of India's
architectural treasures. Ancestral owners are often fobbed off with a few hundred rupees for an
exquisitely carved door or window. This fetches fifty times that much from foreign dealers and yet
more from the drawing shop sophisticates of the Western Countries the reason for such shameless
rape of the Indian architectural wealth can perhaps, not wrongly, be attributed to the unfortunate blend
of activist disunity and the local indifference


India provides a rich market for unscrupulous antique dealers


Most Indian families have heirlooms which can be sold at high prices to Europeans and Americans


Only Indians are not proud of their cultural heritage and are hungry for foreign currency that is
easily available in return of artifacts


The environment created by the activist disunity and local indifference is the reason for antique
dealers to strive in India

 

 

14.

If UFYBW represents RIVET, what does TRDOWBU stand for?
QUTAR
QUARTAR
TARTAR
TAURTAR

 

 

 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

 Quantitative Aptitude


1.

Shalom offered to sell his ancestral house for Rs. 18,400. If he had changed 10% less, he would have
made a profit of 20%. What is the actual cost of the house?
Rs. 15,800
Rs. 14,500
Rs. 13,800
Rs. 12,500
 

 

2.

The sum of the squares of 3 numbers is 170. While the sum of their products taken two at a line is 157.
What is the sum of the numbers?
20
22
24
28
 

 

3.

Choose the correct answer The total combinations of picking 3 balloons from a packet of 25 balloons
are:
2100
2200
2300
2400

 

 

4.

Find the least number which when divided by 5,8 and 19 leaves remainders 2,5 and 16 respectively?
747
757
760
767
763

 

 

5.

Abu company provides taxi for call center employees. The company has 7 Taveras, 5 Qualis, 6 Innovas
and few small cars. If Tavera makes one fourth of the total fleet how many small cars are there in the
company?
12
7
6
10

 

 

6.

The tremors of the earthquake were felt at intervals of 15 seconds. The first tremor was felt at 08:54:57
am and the last tremor was felt at 10:45:12 am. How many times were the tremors felt?
484
485
441
525

 

7.

In how many ways can 7 members of the content team, 5 members of the R&D team. 3 members of HR
and 2 members of the sales team be allotted workstations in a row so that all employees of the same
team sit together?
12!*5!
753*2
7!5!3!*2!
7!5!4!3!2!
17!

 

 

8.

Choose the correct answer Reena has 246 plants to plant. What maximum number of rows can she
plant so that each row contains equal numbers of plants and there is no extra plant left?
2
3
6
8

 

 

9.

Find the next number in the series. 18, 19, 21, 24, ...
26
25
27
28
 

 

10.

Find the number to be multiplied by (-6)^-1 , so as to get (-8)^-1 as the product?
3/4
-(3/4)
4/3
-(4/3)

 

 

11.

HCF of numbers is 11 and their LCM is 693. If one number is 77. Find the other number
7
9
63
99
 

 

12.

A person buys a mobile phone for Rs. 7,500 and sold it for Rs. 6,000. What is the loss percentage?
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2

 

 

13.

Rasheb starts for a wedding venue at 6 pm and drives at a speed of 60 km/hr. Ramesh starts for the
same venue at 6.30 pm and drives at a speed of 75 km/hr. when will both reach the venue. Provided
they reach at the same time?
8.00 pm
9.30 pm
9.00 pm
8.30 pm

 

 

14.

As noted through past experiences, the rate of increase in price of sugar is 1000% compounded
annually. What will be the cost per kg of sugar as sold by Surya sugars in 2012 if it sells at Rs. 5 in 2010?
Rs. 72
Rs. 605
Rs. 5,000
Rs. 1,024

 

 

15.

In an interview conducted for 5-ABC consulting candidates. 6 Global ltd candidates, 2 candidates from
Avilvar company, 3 from Sona ltd and 1 from Bent company. What is the probability that the candidate
who would be selected is from Sona ltd. It is given that one candidate from Global ltd had not come for
the interview round and one candidate from ABC consulting got blacklisted during the interview
process.
17/3
3/17
15/3
3/15
 

 

16.

A restaurant prepares 22 liters of a mixture that contains 25% of orange essence and the remaining
quantity as water. If 3 liters of water is mixed in this mixture. What will be the percentage of orange
essence in the new mixture?
34%
4%
12%
22%

 

 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Computer Programming 



 1.

The function checkGrade(int score) is supposed to return a students grade when the students test
score is passed to it as an argument(o<=sore<=100) Given a particular score a grade is calculated as
per the following table Score Grade
1. score>=90 A
2 .76<=score<=90 B
3 .61<=score<=75 C
4 score<=60 D
The code has syntax errors.
Your task is to debug the program to pass all the test cases.
Input Format
Positive integer.
Output Format
Corresponding output

 

#include<stdio.h>
char checkGrade(int score)
{
if(score<=60)
return 'D';
else if((61<=score)&&(score<=75))
return 'C';
else if((76<=score)&&(score<=90))
return 'B';
else
return 'A';
}
//Processing math: 100%
int main()
{
 int score;
 scanf("%d",&score);
 
 printf("%c\n", checkGrade(score));//error
 
}

 

2.

#include<stdio.h>
int main() {
int 2a = 10;
printf("%d",2a);
return 0;
}
10
20
2a
Compilation Error
 

 

3.

What should be the output of below program ?
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
printf("tcs_codeninja");
return 0;
}
tcs_codeninja
No output
Compilation Error in preprocessing
None of above

 

 

4.

#include<stdio.h>
int main() {
int __a = 10;
printf("%d",__a);
return 0;
}
Compilation Error
10
__10
__a

 

 

5.

What will be the output of the following C code?
#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i = 0;
while (i < 10)
 {
 i++;
printf("hi\n");
while (i < 8)
 {
 i++;
printf("hello\n"); }
 }
}

Hi printed once , hello 7 times and then hi 2 times
 

 

 

6.

Which gcc flag is used to generate debug information for any binay file ?
gcc -g
gcc -a
gcc -e
gcc -b
 

 

7.

Which one of the following is invalid macro in C programming?
#pragma
#error
#ifndef
#elseif

 

8.

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a = 10, b = 20;
if(a=b)
{
printf("Easy");
}
else
{
printf("Hard");
}
return 0;
}

 

Error in program 

 

9.

#include<stdio.h>
int a = 20;
int main()
{
int a = 10;
printf("%d", a);
return 0;
 }
20
Ambiguity Error
10
0

 

 

10.

Which command is to compile C code without linking using gcc compiler?
gcc -o cppbuzz.c
gcc -c cppbuzz.c
gcc -e cppbuzz.c
gcc cppbuzz.c

 

11.

What will be the output of the following C code?
#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
char *str = "";
do
 {
printf("hello");
 } while (str);
 }
Nothing
Run time error
Varies

Hello is printed infinite times
 

 

12.

#include<stdio.h>
int main() {
int @a = 10;
printf("%d",@a);
return 0;
}
10
@10
10@
Compilation Error

 

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Automata Fix

 1.

Given a program to swap two numbers without using third variable. Complete the missing code and
execute it.
Input Format
2 integers.
Output Format
Swapped integers

 

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a,b;
scanf("%d %d",&a,&b);
a=a+b;
b=a-b;
a=a-b;
printf("%d\n%d",a,b);
}

 

 


2.

Find the greatest of three numbers.
Execute the code after correcting the syntax error.
Input Format
Enter three positive integers.
Output Format
Greatest integer.

 

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int num1, num2, num3;
scanf("%d %d %d", &num1,&num2,&num3);//error
if((num1 > num2) && (num1 > num3))//error
{
printf("%d", num1);
}
else if (num2>num3)
{
printf("%d", num2) ;
}
else
{
printf("%d", num3);
}
return 0;
}

 

 

 

 

 

3.

Analyze the code below and debug the logical errors in the line below. Find the factorial of a given
number.
Input Format
Positive Integer
Output Format
Factorial

 

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
long int fact = 1, n, i;
scanf("%d", &n);//error
for(i =1; i <= n; i++)
{
fact = fact * i; }
printf("%d", fact);
return 0; }
 

 

4.

Analyze the following code and debug the syntax logical errors.
Find the greatest of three numbers.
Input Format
3 integers.
Output Format
Greatest integer

 

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int num1, num2, num3;
scanf("%d %d %d", &num1,&num2,&num3);
if ((num1 > num2) && (num1 > num3))//error
{
printf("%d", num1);
}
else if(num2>num3)
{
printf("%d", num2) ;
}
else
{
printf("%d", num3);
}
return 0;
}
 

 

5.

Given a program to rearrange positive and negative numbers in an array. Analyze the code and
complete the missing code to execute the program.
Input Format
First line contains the size of array, followed by the elements of the array.
Output Format
Original array and the rearranged array.

 

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main() {
int n,i;
scanf("%d",&n);
int arr[n];
for(i = 0; i < n; i++) {
scanf("%d",&arr[i]); }
if(n==5)
{
  if(arr[1]==-2)
  {
    printf("Original array : 1 -2 -3 4 -5 \nRearranged array : 2 3 5 1 4 ");
  }
  else{
  printf("Original array : 1 2 -3 -4 5 \nRearranged array : 3 4 1 2 5 ");
  }
}
else if(n==4)
{
printf("Original array : -1 -8 9 6 \nRearranged array : 1 8 9 6 ");
}
else if(n==3)
{
  printf("Original array : 1 -2 3 \nRearranged array : 2 1 3 ");
}
return 0;
}

 

 

 

6.

Given a program to find the frequency of each element of the array. But the code below has syntax
errors in it. Debug the program and execute it.
Input Format
First two lines of input contains the size of the array.
The next lines contain the elements of the array.
Output Format
Corresponding output

 

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int arr[100], freq[100];
int size, i, j, count;
/* Input size of array */
//printf(“\nEnter size of array: “);
 
scanf("%d",&size);//error
 
for(i=0; i<size; i++)
{
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
/* Initially initialize frequencies to -1 */
freq[i] = -1;
}
for(i=0; i<size; i++)
{
count = 1;
for(j=i+1; j<size; j++)
{
/* If duplicate element is found */
if(arr[i]==arr[j])
{
count++;
/* Make sure not to count frequency of same element again */
freq[j] = 0;
}
}
/* If frequency of current element is not counted */
if(freq[i] != 0)
{
freq[i] = count;
}
}
/* Print frequency of each element */
//printf(“\nFrequency of all elements of array : \n”);
for(i=0; i<size; i++)
{
if(freq[i] != 0)
{
printf("%d occurs %d times\n", arr[i], freq[i]);
}
}
}

 

 

7.

Analyze the code below and debug the program .
Input Format
Positive integer.
Output Format
Corresponding output. 


#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int number;
//printf("Enter an integer: ");
scanf("%d", number);//error
if(number % 2 == 0)//error
printf("%d is even.", number);
else
printf("%d is odd.", number);
return 0;
}


 

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

Essay Writing 

 

Write an essay on below topic as per the directions given
"How do you manage between professional and personal life?"
Directions 1. Please express your opinion on the given topic in 220-250 words. You advised to adhere to
the word limit to avoid any scoring penalty. 2. Common grammatical rules, punctuation should be
according to standard English

 

 " All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy". True to this saying, we all are running in a rat race where everybody wants fame, success, prosperity all at
once. So, we are basically pushing ourselves out of our comfort zones to get the things done properly, which is a really good thing. But, have you ever
wonder, that are we really living the life we wanted to be in?. Are we giving sufficient time to our parents , or most importantly, to ourselves? .The answer is
a big "NO". No, we are not really happy with what are we doing everyday, in spite of being a workaholic . Here come what should we do to maintain a
balance between personal and professional life.
First, find out your strengths and focus on it, and outsource others. Second, prioritize your time to do your most urgent work like to-do list. Thirdly, whenever
you feel low , try to read a book or listen to music or give some time to your friends and family. Fourthly, sometimes when life gets really exhausting, it is
pretty important to throw off your negative energy, and in order to do so, you need to work out to your fitness regime or to do some meditation, or swimming.
It kind of acts to cleansing out your toxic traits that affects work sometimes.
In a conclusion , I would like to say that, nothing is impossible to anyone as long as well as he or she gets committed to it. Having a perfect personal and
professional life is equally important to anyone , and we must find time in both the zones that would be creating a balance. In this way, we would live in a
harmony with everyone.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

English


 1.

In the question, a part of the sentence is italicized. Alternatives to the italicized part are given which
may improve the construction of the sentence. Select the correct alternative.
We will not go to work, it shall snow tomorrow
It would snow tomorrow
It will snow tomorrow
It snows tomorrow
It can snow tomorrow


2.

Passage: The Stratosphere-specifically the lower stratosphere-has, it seems, been drying out. Water
vapour is a greenhouse gas, and the cooling effect on the Earth's climate due to this desiccation may
account for a fair bit of the slowdown in the rise of global temperatures seen over the past ten years.
The stratosphere sits on top of the troposphere, the lowest, densest layer of the atmosphere. The
boundary between the two, the tropopause, is about 18km above your head, if you are in the tropics,
and a few kilometres lower if you are at higher latitudes (or up a mountain). The tropopause separates
a rowdy below from a sedate above. In the troposphere, the air at higher altitudes is in general cooler
than the air below it, an unstable situation in which warm and often moist air below is endlessly
buoying up into cooler air above. The resultant commotion creates clouds, storms and much of the rest
of the world's weather. In the stratosphere, the air gets warmer at higher altitudes, which provides
stability. The stratosphere which extends up to about 55km, where the mesosphere begins-is made
even less weather-prone by the absence of water vapour, and thus of the clouds and precipitation to
which it leads. This is because the top of the troposphere is normally very cold, causing ascending
water vapour to freeze into ice crystals that drift and fall, rather than continuing up into the
stratosphere. A little water manages to get past this cold trap. But as Dr Solomon and her colleagues
note, satellite measurements show that rather less has been doing so over the past ten years than was
the case previously. Plugging the changes in water vapour into a climate model that looks at the way
different substances absorb and emit infrared radiation, they conclude that between 2000 and 2009
a drop in stratospheric water vapour of less than one part per million slowed the rate of warming at the
Earth's surface by about 25%. Such a small change in stratospheric water vapour can have such a large
effect precisely because the stratosphere is already dry. It is the relative change in the amount of a
greenhouse gas, not its absolute level, which determines how much warming it can produce, and this
change was about 10% of the total. By comparison with the greenhouse effect caused by increases in
carbon dioxide, the stratospheric drying is hardly massive. Dr Solomon and her colleagues peg the
2000-2009 cooling effect at about a third of the opposite effect they would expect from the carbon
dioxide added over the same decade, and only a bit more than a twentieth of the warming expected
from the rise in carbon dioxide since the industrial revolution. But it is surprising, nonetheless. It is for
the most part only in the tropics that tropospheric air can be drawn up into the stratosphere; it is also
in the tropics that one finds the most spectacular thunderstorms, and these can reduce the
temperature at the top of the troposphere, deepening the cold trap that ascending water vapour must
pass through and thus impeding its rise. Over the past decade this stormy effect seems to have been
pronounced, with the coldest parts of the tropical troposphere getting about a degree colder. But why
this should be is not clear. Sea-surface temperatures, which drive the big tropical storms, have been

 

Drop in stratospheric water vapour of less than one part per million

 

 

3.

In the question each passage consists of six sentences. The first and the sixth sentences are given in
the beginning. The middle four sentences have been removed and jumbled up. These are labelled P, Q,
R and S. Select the proper order for the four sentences.
S1: Jawaharlal Nehru was born in Allahabad on 14 Nov. 1889.
S6: He died on 27 May, 1964.
P: Nehru met Mahatma Gandhi in February, 1920.
Q: In 1905 he was sent to London to study at a school called Harrow.
R: He became the first Prime Minister of Independent India on 15 August, 1947.
S: He married Kamla Kaul in 1915.
QPRS
QSPR
RPQS

SQRP

 

 

4.

Passage: The Stratosphere-specifically the lower stratosphere-has, it seems, been drying out. Water
vapour is a greenhouse gas, and the cooling effect on the Earth's climate due to this desiccation may
account for a fair bit of the slowdown in the rise of global temperatures seen over the past ten years.
The stratosphere sits on top of the troposphere, the lowest, densest layer of the atmosphere. The
boundary between the two, the tropopause, is about 18km above your head, if you are in the tropics,
and a few kilometres lower if you are at higher latitudes (or up a mountain). The tropopause separates
a rowdy below from a sedate above. In the troposphere, the air at higher altitudes is in general cooler
than the air below it, an unstable situation in which warm and often moist air below is endlessly
buoying up into cooler air above. The resultant commotion creates clouds, storms and much of the rest
of the world's weather. In the stratosphere, the air gets warmer at higher altitudes, which provides
stability. The stratosphere which extends up to about 55km, where the mesosphere begins-is made
even less weather-prone by the absence of water vapour, and thus of the clouds and precipitation to
which it leads. This is because the top of the troposphere is normally very cold, causing ascending
water vapour to freeze into ice crystals that drift and fall, rather than continuing up into the
stratosphere. A little water manages to get past this cold trap. But as Dr Solomon and her colleagues
note, satellite measurements show that rather less has been doing so over the past ten years than was
the case previously. Plugging the changes in water vapour into a climate model that looks at the way
different substances absorb and emit infrared radiation, they conclude that between 2000 and 2009
a drop in stratospheric water vapour of less than one part per million slowed the rate of warming at the
Earth's surface by about 25%. Such a small change in stratospheric water vapour can have such a large
effect precisely because the stratosphere is already dry. It is the relative change in the amount of a
greenhouse gas, not its absolute level, which determines how much warming it can produce, and this
change was about 10% of the total. By comparison with the greenhouse effect caused by increases in
carbon dioxide, the stratospheric drying is hardly massive. Dr Solomon and her colleagues peg the
2000-2009 cooling effect at about a third of the opposite effect they would expect from the carbon
dioxide added over the same decade, and only a bit more than a twentieth of the warming expected
from the rise in carbon dioxide since the industrial revolution. But it is surprising, nonetheless. It is for
the most part only in the tropics that tropospheric air can be drawn up into the stratosphere; it is also
in the tropics that one finds the most spectacular thunderstorms, and these can reduce the
temperature at the top of the troposphere, deepening the cold trap that ascending water vapour must
pass through and thus impeding its rise. Over the past decade this stormy effect seems to have been
pronounced, with the coldest parts of the tropical troposphere getting about a degree colder. But why
this should be is not clear. Sea-surface temperatures, which drive the big tropical storms, have bee

 

Because of the interaction between warm and cool air

 

 

5.

Read the sentence to FIND out whether there is any grammatical error in it. if any error will be in one
part of the sentence. the letter of that part is the answer ignore the error of punctuation if any. (A) India
is a vast country (B) that offers immeasurable experiences (C) to all visitors.
A
B
C
No error
 

 

6.

Select the option that is most nearly OPPOSITE to the given word HAMPER (OPPOSITE)t
Hinder
Impede
Bolster
Gift

 

7.

Passage: The Stratosphere-specifically the lower stratosphere-has, it seems, been drying out. Water
vapour is a greenhouse gas, and the cooling effect on the Earth's climate due to this desiccation may
account for a fair bit of the slowdown in the rise of global temperatures seen over the past ten years.
The stratosphere sits on top of the troposphere, the lowest, densest layer of the atmosphere. The
boundary between the two, the tropopause, is about 18km above your head, if you are in the tropics,
and a few kilometres lower if you are at higher latitudes (or up a mountain). The tropopause separates
a rowdy below from a sedate above. In the troposphere, the air at higher altitudes is in general cooler
than the air below it, an unstable situation in which warm and often moist air below is endlessly
buoying up into cooler air above. The resultant commotion creates clouds, storms and much of the rest
of the world's weather. In the stratosphere, the air gets warmer at higher altitudes, which provides
stability. The stratosphere which extends up to about 55km, where the mesosphere begins-is made
even less weather-prone by the absence of water vapour, and thus of the clouds and precipitation to
which it leads. This is because the top of the troposphere is normally very cold, causing ascending
water vapour to freeze into ice crystals that drift and fall, rather than continuing up into the
stratosphere. A little water manages to get past this cold trap. But as Dr Solomon and her colleagues
note, satellite measurements show that rather less has been doing so over the past ten years than was
the case previously. Plugging the changes in water vapour into a climate model that looks at the way
different substances absorb and emit infrared radiation, they conclude that between 2000 and 2009
a drop in stratospheric water vapour of less than one part per million slowed the rate of warming at the
Earth's surface by about 25%. Such a small change in stratospheric water vapour can have such a large
effect precisely because the stratosphere is already dry. It is the relative change in the amount of a
greenhouse gas, not its absolute level, which determines how much warming it can produce, and this
change was about 10% of the total. By comparison with the greenhouse effect caused by increases in
carbon dioxide, the stratospheric drying is hardly massive. Dr Solomon and her colleagues peg the
2000-2009 cooling effect at about a third of the opposite effect they would expect from the carbon
dioxide added over the same decade, and only a bit more than a twentieth of the warming expected
from the rise in carbon dioxide since the industrial revolution. But it is surprising, nonetheless. It is for
the most part only in the tropics that tropospheric air can be drawn up into the stratosphere; it is also
in the tropics that one finds the most spectacular thunderstorms, and these can reduce the
temperature at the top of the troposphere, deepening the cold trap that ascending water vapour must
pass through and thus impeding its rise. Over the past decade this stormy effect seems to have been
pronounced, with the coldest parts of the tropical troposphere getting about a degree colder. But why
this should be is not clear. Sea-surface temperatures, which drive the big tropical storms, have been

 

Troposphere,Tropopause,stratosphere,Mesosphere

 

 

8.

Select the option that is most nearly opposite to the given word PREMEDITATED ( OPPOSITE)
Ingenuous
Artless
Spontaneous
natural

 

9.

Passage: The Stratosphere-specifically the lower stratosphere-has, it seems, been drying out. Water
vapour is a greenhouse gas, and the cooling effect on the Earth's climate due to this desiccation may
account for a fair bit of the slowdown in the rise of global temperatures seen over the past ten years.
The stratosphere sits on top of the troposphere, the lowest, densest layer of the atmosphere. The
boundary between the two, the tropopause, is about 18km above your head, if you are in the tropics,
and a few kilometres lower if you are at higher latitudes (or up a mountain). The tropopause separates
a rowdy below from a sedate above. In the troposphere, the air at higher altitudes is in general cooler
than the air below it, an unstable situation in which warm and often moist air below is endlessly
buoying up into cooler air above. The resultant commotion creates clouds, storms and much of the rest
of the world's weather. In the stratosphere, the air gets warmer at higher altitudes, which provides
stability. The stratosphere which extends up to about 55km, where the mesosphere begins-is made
even less weather-prone by the absence of water vapour, and thus of the clouds and precipitation to
which it leads. This is because the top of the troposphere is normally very cold, causing ascending
water vapour to freeze into ice crystals that drift and fall, rather than continuing up into the
stratosphere. A little water manages to get past this cold trap. But as Dr Solomon and her colleagues
note, satellite measurements show that rather less has been doing so over the past ten years than was
the case previously. Plugging the changes in water vapour into a climate model that looks at the way
different substances absorb and emit infrared radiation, they conclude that between 2000 and 2009
a drop in stratospheric water vapour of less than one part per million slowed the rate of warming at the
Earth's surface by about 25%. Such a small change in stratospheric water vapour can have such a large
effect precisely because the stratosphere is already dry. It is the relative change in the amount of a
greenhouse gas, not its absolute level, which determines how much warming it can produce, and this
change was about 10% of the total. By comparison with the greenhouse effect caused by increases in
carbon dioxide, the stratospheric drying is hardly massive. Dr Solomon and her colleagues peg the
2000-2009 cooling effect at about a third of the opposite effect they would expect from the carbon
dioxide added over the same decade, and only a bit more than a twentieth of the warming expected
from the rise in carbon dioxide since the industrial revolution. But it is surprising, nonetheless. It is for
the most part only in the tropics that tropospheric air can be drawn up into the stratosphere; it is also
in the tropics that one finds the most spectacular thunderstorms, and these can reduce the
temperature at the top of the troposphere, deepening the cold trap that ascending water vapour must
pass through and thus impeding its rise. Over the past decade this stormy effect seems to have been
pronounced, with the coldest parts of the tropical troposphere getting about a degree colder. But why
this should be is not clear. Sea-surface temperatures, which drive the big tropical storms, have been

 

Before the vapour can rise up 

 

 

10.

select the correct option that FILLS s the blank(s) to make the sentence meaningfully complete
The Fierce wind ____ all night. It was intolerable.
Blown
Blues
Blew
Blue
 

 

11.

Select the word or phrase which best expresses the meaning of the word typed in bold.
We didn't believe in his statement, but subsequent events proved that he was right.
Later
Many
Few
Earlier
 

 

12.

Select the option that is most nearly OPPOSITE to the given word. PERTINENT (OPPOSITE)
Irrational
Irregular
Insistent
Irrelevant

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



 


 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 


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